tommath/bn_mp_montgomery_setup.c

/* LibTomMath, multiple-precision integer library -- Tom St Denis
 *
 * LibTomMath is library that provides for multiple-precision
 * integer arithmetic as well as number theoretic functionality.
 *
 * The library is designed directly after the MPI library by
 * Michael Fromberger but has been written from scratch with
 * additional optimizations in place.
 *
 * The library is free for all purposes without any express
 * guarantee it works.
 *
 * Tom St Denis, tomstdenis@iahu.ca, http://math.libtomcrypt.org
 */
#include <tommath.h>

/* setups the montgomery reduction stuff */
int
mp_montgomery_setup (mp_int * n, mp_digit * rho)
{
  mp_digit x, b;

/* fast inversion mod 2**k
 *
 * Based on the fact that
 *
 * XA = 1 (mod 2**n)  =>  (X(2-XA)) A = 1 (mod 2**2n)
 *                    =>  2*X*A - X*X*A*A = 1
 *                    =>  2*(1) - (1)     = 1
 */
  b = n->dp[0];

  if ((b & 1) == 0) {
    return MP_VAL;
  }

  x = (((b + 2) & 4) << 1) + b; /* here x*a==1 mod 2**4 */
  x *= 2 - b * x;               /* here x*a==1 mod 2**8 */
#if !defined(MP_8BIT)
  x *= 2 - b * x;               /* here x*a==1 mod 2**16 */
#endif
#if defined(MP_64BIT) || !(defined(MP_8BIT) || defined(MP_16BIT))
  x *= 2 - b * x;               /* here x*a==1 mod 2**32 */
#endif
#ifdef MP_64BIT
  x *= 2 - b * x;               /* here x*a==1 mod 2**64 */
#endif

  /* rho = -1/m mod b */
  *rho = (((mp_digit) 1 << ((mp_digit) DIGIT_BIT)) - x) & MP_MASK;

  return MP_OKAY;
}